1-kings 14:25

The examination of the famous inscription of Shishak at Karnak has resulted in the proof that the expedition commemorated was directed against Palestine, and has further thrown a good deal of light on the relations of the two kingdoms at the period. Of the fifteen fenced cities fortified by Rehoboam in the early part of his reign 2 Chronicles 11:5-12, three, Shoco, Adoraim, and Aijalon are distinctly mentioned among Shishak's conquests. Other towns of Judah or Benjamin also occur. Further, a considerable number of the captured cities are in the territory of Jeroboam: these cities "are either Canaanite or Levitical." Hence, we gather, that, during the four years which immediately followed the separation of the kingdoms, Rehoboam retained a powerful hold on the dominions of his rival, many Canaanite and Levitical towns acknowledging his sovereignty, and maintaining themselves against Jeroboam, who probably called in Shishak mainly to assist him in compelling these cities to submission. The campaign was completely successful.

14:25 Fifth year - Presently after his and his people's apostacy, which was not 'till his fourth year: while apostate, Israel enjoyed peace andsome kind of prosperity, of which difference, two reasons may be given:first, Judah's sins were committed against clearer light, and morepowerful means and remedies of all sorts, and therefore deserved moresevere and speedy judgments. Secondly, God discovered more love to Judahin chastizing them speedily, that they might be humbled, reformed, andpreserved, as it happened; and more anger against Israel, whom he sparedto that total destruction which he intended to bring upon them.Sishak - He is thought to be Solomon's brother - in - law. But how littlesuch relations signify among princes, when their interest is concerned, allhistories witness. Besides Rehoboam was not Solomon's son byPharaoh's daughter and so the relation was in a manner extinct.Came up - Either, from a desire to enlarge his empire: or, byJeroboam's instigation: or from a covetous desire of possessing thosegreat treasures which David and Solomon had left: and above all, byGod's providence, disposing his heart to this expedition for Rehoboam'spunishment.